specifying symbolic-characters,
relating implementor-names to user-specified mnemonic-names, relating alphabet-names to character sets or collating sequences, and relating class-names to sets of characters.
You can select one of several pre-defined parameter passing conventions. Enhancements to the CALL statement and the PROCEDURE DIVISION header allow these parameter passing conventions to be used in inter-program communication.
The clauses in the Special-Names paragraph may appear in any order.
At the outer level of a source unit that defines a class, the CURSOR and CRT STATUS clauses must not be specified.
In the factory or object of a class definition, the only clauses that can be specified are the CURSOR and CRT STATUS clauses.
If the Special-Names paragraph is specified in an interface definition, the ALPHABET, CURRENCY and DECIMAL-POINT clauses are the only permitted clauses.
Function-name refers to an external switch if its name is one of UPSI-0 through UPSI-7.
or the SWITCH-n is used,
the associated mnemonic-name cannot be specified anywhere
except in the SET statement
. At least one condition-name should be associated with it.
No condition-name is required.
The lowest valid values for numeric literals in the ALPHABET clause are sensitive to the ALPHASTART Compiler directive.
Cannot be specified as floating-point literals or DBCS literals.
The words STANDARD-1 and ASCII are equivalent.
The reserved word IS is never required in the Special-Names paragraph.
The literals specified in the literal-4 phrase:
Cannot be specified as floating-point or DBCS literals.
literal-1, ... literal-5 must not specify a symbolic-character figurative constant.
The same symbolic-character-1 must appear only once in a SYMBOLIC CHARACTERS clause.
The relationship between each symbolic-character-1 and the corresponding integer-1 is by position in the SYMBOLIC CHARACTERS clause. The first symbolic-character-1 is paired with the first integer-1, the second symbolic- character-1 is paired with the second integer-1; and so on throughout the SYMBOLIC CHARACTERS clause; the division into IS or ARE phrases is documentary only.
The lowest valid value for integer-1 is sensitive to the SYMBSTART Compiler directive.
There must be a one-to-one correspondence between occurrences of symbolic-character-1 and occurrences of integer-1, both within each IS or ARE phrase and within the entire SYMBOLIC CHARACTERS clause.
The ordinal position specified by integer-1 must exist in the native character set. If the IN phrase is specified, the ordinal position must exist in the character set named by alphabet-name-2; alphabet-name-2 must be described in an ALPHABET clause.
or national literal.
C and R can be used.
L can be used.
E cannot be used.
N cannot be used.
G cannot be used.
no lower-case alphabetic characters can be used.
lower-case alphabetic characters can be used except for those explicitly prohibited by this rule.
If the PICTURE SYMBOL phrase is specified, literal-6 may have any length and:
Literal-7 must be an alphanumeric literal consisting of a single character. It must not be a figurative constant. No two occurrences of literal-7 may be the same value.
Literal-7 may be any character from the computer's coded character set except for the following:
If literal-6 is of class national, the associated currency symbol may be used only to define a numeric-edited item with usage national.
Integer-2 must be an unsigned integer in the range 0 to 65535.
Data-name-1 of the CURSOR IS clause must be declared in the Working-Storage Section .
The CRT STATUS clause specifies a data item into which a status value is moved after each Format 4
or Format 5
ACCEPT statement. In some environments, it can be defined only in the first 64K of working storage.
Data-name-2 must be described in the Working-Storage Section and must be three bytes long.
The CURSOR IS clause specifies the data item to contain the cursor address as used by the ACCEPT statement.
or ASCII
phrase is specified, the character code set or collating sequence identified is the American Standard Code for Information Interchange, as defined in American National Standard X3.4-1968.
If the STANDARD-2 phrase is specified, the character code set identified is the International Reference Version of the ISO 7-bit code, as defined in International Standard 646, 7-bit Coded Character Set for Information Processing Interchange.
If the EBCDIC phrase is specified, the character code set or collating sequence identified is EBCDIC.
If the NATIVE phrase is specified, the native character code set or native collating sequence is used. The native collating sequence is either ASCII or EBCDIC, as specified by the NATIVE Compiler directive.)
See the appendix Character Sets and Collating Sequences for details of the ASCII code set and the ASCII and EBCDIC collating sequences and their correspondence.
, or in the character code set that is used to represent the data
except when this figurative constant is specified as a literal in the Special-Names paragraph
.
If more than one character has the highest position in the program collating sequence, the last character specified is associated with the figurative constant HIGH-VALUE.
except when this figurative constant is specified as a literal in the Special-Names paragraph
.
If more than one character has the lowest position in the program collating sequence, the first character specified is associated with the figurative constant LOW-VALUE.
Floating-point literals cannot be used in a user-specified collating sequence.
When specified as literals in the Special-Names paragraph, the figurative constants HIGH-VALUE and LOW-VALUE are associated with those characters having the highest and lowest positions, respectively, in the native collating sequence.
The SYMBOLIC CHARACTERS clause is used to define user-defined words that can be used like figurative constants. If the IN phrase is not specified, symbolic-character-1 represents the character whose ordinal position in the native character set is specified by integer-1. If the IN phrase is specified, integer-1 specifies the ordinal position of the character that is represented in the character set named by alphabet-name-2.
The internal representation of symbolic-character-1 is the internal representation of the character that is represented in the native character set.
Literal-6 represents the value of the currency string.
If the CURRENCY SIGN clause is specified with the PICTURE SYMBOL phrase, literal-7 is used as the currency symbol.
If the CURRENCY SIGN clause is specified without the PICTURE SYMBOL phrase, literal-6 is used as the currency symbol.
If the currency symbol is a lower-case letter, it is treated as its upper-case equivalent.
If this clause is not present, only the currency sign defined in the COBOL character set is used in the PICTURE clause. See the section Character Set in the chapter Concepts of the COBOL Language.
If the NUMERIC SIGN clause is specified, the default for signed numeric items is for the sign to be stored as a trailing separate character.
Wherever a mnemonic-name is allowed, you can use a function-name.
| TAB | Skip to vertical tabulation position (inserts ASCII X"0B" in the output record as appropriate) | WRITE ADVANCING statement |
| PRINTER | Printer | DISPLAY statement |
| FORMFEED | Skip to new page (inserts ASCII X"0C" in the output record as appropriate) | WRITE ADVANCING statement |
| COMMAND-LINE | Command transfer | ACCEPT and DISPLAY statements |
| ARGUMENT-NUMBER | Command-line argument number | ACCEPT and DISPLAY statements |
| ARGUMENT-VALUE | Command-line argument value | ACCEPT statement |
| ENVIRONMENT-NAME | Environment variable name | DISPLAY statement |
| ENVIRONMENT-VALUE | Environment variable value | ACCEPT and DISPLAY statements |
| SYSERR | Standard error device | DISPLAY statement |
The following table reflects the support for function names offered by OS/VS COBOL, VS COBOL II and SAA in this COBOL system.
| OSVS | VSC2 Rel (2) | COBOL/370 or VSC2 Rel (3)/(4) | SAA L1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SYSIN | y | y | y | y |
| SYSIPT | U | U | y | |
| SYSOUT | y | y | y | y |
| SYSLIST | y | |||
| SYSLST | U | U | y | |
| SYSPCH | U | U | y | |
| SYSPUNCH | U | y | y | |
| CONSOLE | y | y | y | y |
| C01 | y | y | y | y |
| C02 | y | y | y | |
| C03 | y | y | y | |
| C04 | y | y | y | |
| C05 | y | y | y | |
| C06 | y | y | y | |
| C07 | y | y | y | |
| C08 | y | y | y | |
| C09 | y | y | y | |
| C10 | y | y | y | |
| C11 | y | y | y | |
| C12 | y | y | y | |
| S01 | y | y | y | |
| S02 | y | y | y | |
| S03 | U | y | ||
| S04 | U | y | ||
| S05 | U | y | ||
| CSP | y | y | y | y |
| 1 char rw literal | y | |||
| AFP-5A | y |
The CLASS clause provides a means for relating a name to the specified set of characters listed in that clause. Class-name-1 can be referenced only in a class condition. The characters specified by the values of the literals in this clause define the exclusive set of characters which constitute class-name-1. The value of each literal specifies:
If the THROUGH phrase is specified, the contiguous characters in the native character set beginning with the character specified by the value of literal-4, and ending with the character specified by the value of literal-5, are included in the set of characters identified by class-name-1. Additionally, the contiguous characters specified by a given THROUGH phrase can specify characters of the native character set in ascending or descending sequence.
The CALL-CONVENTION clause allows you to select one of several pre-defined parameter-passing conventions which allow you to CALL subprograms written in languages other than COBOL, and which use different parameter passing conventions.
The CONSOLE IS CRT clause causes any ACCEPT or DISPLAY statement whose operand is not a screen-name, and that has no phrases specific to a particular format, to be treated as Format 5. If the CONSOLE IS CRT clause is not present, these statements are treated as the standard ANSI ACCEPT or DISPLAY.
The CURSOR IS clause specifies the data item to contain the cursor address used by the ACCEPT statement.
The CRT STATUS clause specifies a 3-byte data item, into which a status value is moved after each Format 4 or Format 5 ACCEPT statement.
If the CRT STATUS clause is specified in the Special-Names paragraph, every Format 4 or 5 ACCEPT statement (as described later in this chapter) places a value into data-name-2 to indicate the outcome of the ACCEPT operation. Data-name-2 consists of status keys which are set to indicate possible conditions resulting from the completion of the operation. They are described below.
CRT status key CRT Status Keys
CRT Status Key 1: The first byte of data-name-1 is CRT Status Key 1. It should be described as PICTURE 9 USAGE DISPLAY. It indicates the condition that caused the termination of the ACCEPT operation. The possible values are:
A terminator key is a key whose purpose is terminating ACCEPT operations (for example, Enter). A particular configuration option causes the field-tab key, when used in the final field of an ACCEPT, to act as a terminator key. Defining function keys is also a configuration option.
A termination that returns a value of "0" is called a normal termination.
If the ACCEPT statement contains an ON EXCEPTION phrase, any value in CRT Status Key 1, except " 0", causes the execution of the imperative statement in that phrase.
CRT Status Key 2: The second byte of data-name-1 is CRT Status Key 2 and contains a code giving further details of the condition that terminated the ACCEPT operation. Its format and possible values depend on the value in CRT Status Key 1, as shown in the following table.
Value: 0
Value: 1
Values: 0-127
Values: 0-26
Value: 0
See your COBOL system documentation on screen handling and user interfaces for an explanation of function key numbers.
CRT Status Key 3: The third byte of data-name-1 is CRT Status Key 3 and should be described as PICTURE 99 COMP-X or as PICTURE 99 COMP (with the NOIBMCOMP directive specified). If CRT Status Key 1 and CRT Status Key 2 are zero, then CRT Status Key 3 contains the raw keyboard code for the key that terminated the ACCEPT operation. Otherwise, the contents of CRT Status Key 3 are undefined.
Where a sequence of keystrokes rather than a single key has been configured to perform a single function, only the code for the first keystroke is returned.